What is the primary solution used to prime the dialysis circuit?

The primary solution used to prime the dialysis circuit is normal saline. This solution is isotonic, which means it has the same osmotic pressure as body fluids, making it ideal for preparing the dialysis machine and the tubing for treatment. Priming with normal saline helps ensure that there are no air bubbles in the system, which is crucial for patient safety during dialysis.

Normal saline also helps to maintain proper blood volume and flow rates required for effective dialysis. It acts as a carrier fluid for dialyzing solutions and aids in maintaining the bicarbonate and sodium levels necessary for the patient during the treatment process.

While sterile water is sometimes used in different medical contexts, it does not provide the same level of osmotic balance as normal saline, making it less suitable for priming dialysis circuits. Sodium chloride is a component of normal saline but is not used on its own in this context. Heparin solution is utilized for anticoagulation during dialysis but is not suitable for priming the circuit due to its purpose and effects on blood clotting.