Which of the following is a complication of hemodialysis?

Hemodialysis is a medical procedure used to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys can no longer perform this function effectively. While it is essential for many patients with kidney failure, there are potential complications associated with the treatment that can affect the patient's health.

Complications of hemodialysis include hyperkalemia, which is an elevated level of potassium in the blood. During dialysis, potassium is typically removed from the bloodstream; however, if the treatment is not effective or if the patient has high potassium levels beforehand, hyperkalemia can potentially occur.

Anemia is another complication that can arise from hemodialysis. Patients undergoing this treatment often have reduced erythropoietin production due to kidney failure, leading to decreased red blood cell production and resulting in anemia. Furthermore, chronic kidney disease itself can diminish the production of red blood cells, compounding the issue.

Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is also a common complication during or after a hemodialysis session. This can happen due to the rapid removal of fluid from the blood, leading to a drop in blood volume and blood pressure. Patients may experience symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or fatigue as a result.

Given that hyperkal